- Производитель:
- Roche
Кат. номер |
10127698001 |
10127060001 |
Specificity of -Glucuronidase:
The glycosides that -D-glucuronic acid forms with a variety of compounds containing hydroxyl groups hydrolyze readily in the presence of -glucuronidase.
- Such compounds include steroids, such as estriol (Km = 0.42 mM, pH 4.5), androsterone, pregnanediol, tetrahydrocortisone,
- phenols, such as phenolphthalein (Km = 0.39 mM), 4-nitro-phenol, 4-methylumbelliferone,
- drugs such as chloramphenicol and tetrahydrocannabinols,
- and metabolites such as thyroxine and bilirubin.
-Glucuronidase is highly specific for the carbohydrate part: neither -glucosides nor -glucosiduronic acids are hydrolyzed. However, the nature of the residue linked to the -glucuronic acid residue is hardly important at all.
Specific activity: 5.5 U/ml at +38°C with phenolphthalein--glucuronide as the substrate (4.5 U/ml at +25°C with 4-nitro-phenyl--D-glucuronide as the substrate = 100,000 Fishman units/ml at +38°C with phenolphthalein--glucuronide as the substrate). 1 Fishman unit releases 1 µg phenolphthalein from phenolphthalein--glucuronide in 1 hour at +38°C.
Specificity of Acrylsulfatase:
Sulfate esters of many phenols are hydrolysed in the presence of arylsulfatase. Examples are steroid sulfates such as estronesulfate, 4-nitrophenyl hydrogen sulfate (Km = 1.8 mM, pH 7.3), 4-nitro-pyrocatechol 2-sulfate (Km = 1.25 mM, pH 7.5), and phenolphthalein disulfate.
Specific activity: 2.6 U/ml at +38°C with phenolphthalein disulfate as the substrate (14 U/ml at +25°C with 4-nitrophenyl sulfate as the substrate = 800,000 Roy units/ml at +38°C with 2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl sulfate as the substrate). 1 Roy unit releases 1 µg 2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl sulfate in 1 hour at +38°C.
Specificity of -Glucuronidase:
The glycosides that -D-glucuronic acid forms with a variety of compounds containing hydroxyl groups hydrolyze readily in the presence of -glucuronidase.
- Such compounds include steroids, such as estriol (Km = 0.42 mM, pH 4.5), androsterone, pregnanediol, tetrahydrocortisone,
- phenols, such as phenolphthalein (Km = 0.39 mM), 4-nitro-phenol, 4-methylumbelliferone,
- drugs such as chloramphenicol and tetrahydrocannabinols,
- and metabolites such as thyroxine and bilirubin.
-Glucuronidase is highly specific for the carbohydrate part: neither -glucosides nor -glucosiduronic acids are hydrolyzed. However, the nature of the residue linked to the -glucuronic acid residue is hardly important at all.
Specificity of Acrylsulfatase:
Sulfate esters of many phenols are hydrolysed in the presence of arylsulfatase. Examples are steroid sulfates such as estronesulfate, 4-nitrophenyl hydrogen sulfate (Km = 1.8 mM, pH 7.3), 4-nitro-pyrocatechol 2-sulfate (Km = 1.25 mM, pH 7.5), and phenolphthalein disulfate.
- Deconjugate and detect both glucuronides and sulfate esters.
- Quickly screen for steroids, benzodiazepines, cannabinoids, opioids, and other drugs.
In addition, sulfation of the drug or chemical substance by sulfotransferases in the human body may occur. Sulfation in general, is less predictable than glucuronidation since many isoenzymes of sulfotransferases exist, and there are individual differences in the ratio of glucuronidation versus sulfation of the substance.
Standard unit
The standard unit of -glucuronidase activity is the enzyme activity that increases the rate of release of 4-nitrophenol from 4-nitrophenyl -D-glucosiduronic acid at a temperature of +25 °C and pH 4.5 by 1 µM.
Phenolphthalein unit
The phenolphthalein unit of -glucuronidase activity is the enzyme activity that increases the rate of release of phenolphthalein from phenolphthalein -D-glucosiduronic acid at a temperature of +38 °C by 1 µM.
Approx. 4.5 standard units are equivalent to 5.5 phenolphthalein units.
Fishman unit
The Fishman unit of -glucuronidase activity is the enzyme activity that increases the rate of release of phenolphthalein from phenolphthalein -D-glucosiduronic acid at a temperature of +38 °C by 1 µg.
Approx. 1 standard unit is equivalent to 22,000 Fishman units (1 phenolphthalein unit is equivalent to 19,000 Fishman units).
Arylsulfatase:
Standard unit
The standard unit of arylsulfatase activity is the enzyme activity that increases the rate of release of 4-nitrophenol from 4-nitrophenyl sulfate at a temperature of +25 °C and pH 6.2 by 1 µM.
Phenolphthalein unit
The phenolphthalein unit of arylsulfatase activity is the enzyme activity that increases the rate of release of phenolphthalein from phenolphthalein disulfate at a temperature of +38 °C and pH 6.2 by 1 µM.
Approx. 5.4 standard units are equivalent to 1 phenolphthalein unit.
Roy unit
The Roy unit of arylsulfatase activity is the enzyme activity that increases the rate of release of 4-nitropyrocatechol from 2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl hydrogen sulfate (4-nitropyrocatechol 2-sulfate) at a temperature of +38 °C and pH 6.2 by 1 µg.
Approx. 1 standard unit is equivalent to 57,000 Roy units (1 phenolphthalein unit is equivalent to 308,000 Roy units).
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