Energy Materials

Lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4) finds application as electrolyte material in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). However, the presence of trace amount of water in LiBF4 causes its hydrolysis which leads to HF generation and destruction of the battery electrodes. Our LiBF4 contains < 100 ppm of water and is well suited for applications in LIBs.

Caution

These electrolyte solutions have extremely low water content; Please handle under inert and moisture free environment (glove box).
Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. Avoid moisture, strong acid, strong alkalis, and oxidizing agents. Avoid skin and eye contact from product. Highly toxic and corrosive gases (HF) are generated by reaction with moisture os use only under inert gas atmosphere.
Please handle under inert and moisture free environment.

Storage:
Keep containers away from heat, humidity, direct sunlight and ignition source. Keep containers tightly closed in a cool dry and well-ventilated place. Do not store with strong oxidizing agents.

Product of Ube Industries Ltd.

grade	anhydrous
assay	98%
mp	293-300 °C (dec.) (lit.)
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing
SMILES string	[Li+].F[B-](F)(F)F
InChI	1S/BF4.Li/c2-1(3,4)5;/q-1;+1
InChI key	UFXJWFBILHTTET-UHFFFAOYSA-N

pictograms	GHS05,GHS07
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H302 - H314
pcodes	P260 - P280 - P301 + P312 + P330 - P301 + P330 + P331 - P303 + P361 + P353 - P305 + P351 + P338
RIDADR	UN 3260 8 / PGII
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Lithium tin phosphorus sulfide (LSPS) 915114-5G

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	Li₁₀SnP₂S₁₂
Molecular Weight:	634.85

Solid electrolytes (SEs) have become a practical option for lithium ion and lithium metal batteries because of their improved safety over commercially available ionic liquids. Solid electrolyte materials are highly conductive and made for advanced solid-state lithium ion battery technologies. These solutions are high purity and battery grade thus making them suitable as standards in LIB research

Quality Level	100,
grade	battery grade
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing

pictograms	GHS02,GHS05,GHS06,GHS09
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H228 - H260 - H301 - H314 - H332 - H400
pcodes	P210 - P231 + P232 - P260 - P280 - P301 + P310 + P330 - P303 + P361 + P353 - P305 + P351 + P338 + P310
Supp Hazards	EUH014
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Lithium titanate 765155-1EA

Linear Formula:	Li₄Ti₅O₁₂
MDL number:	MFCD11656084
PubChem Substance ID:	329767159
NACRES:	NA.23

Lithium titanate (LTO) is a class of electrode material that can be used in the fabrication of lithium-ion batteries. Lithium-ion batteries consist of anode, cathode, and electrolyte with a charge-discharge cycle. These materials enable the formation of greener and sustainable batteries for electrical energy storage.
We are committed to bringing you Greener Alternative Products, which adhere to one or more of The 12 Principles of Greener Chemistry. This product has been enhanced for energy efficiency. Find details here,.

Lithium titanate (LTO) spinel electrode sheet can be used as an anode material, which shows an ion conductivity of 103 Scm1 at room temperature. It can also be used as an alternative to conventional graphite materials. It can further be used in the fabrication of high-performance lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles (EVs).

1 ea in glass bottle

Crystal Structure: Spinel, cubic, Fd-3m
Operating Condiditons:

Recommended maximum charge voltage: 3.0 V vs Li/Li+
Recommended maximum charge current: 5 C
Recommended cut-off voltage for discharge: 1.0 V vs Li/Li+
Recommended maximum discharge current: 10 C

Quality Level	100,
assay	98%
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
extent of labeling	80% loading
Nominal Voltage	1.5 V, Li/Li⁺
size	5 in. x 10 in.
thickness	25-50 µm
capacity	150 mAh/g(minimum), 160 mAh/g(nominal at 0.1C)
mp	>1000 °C
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing
SMILES string	[Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-][Ti](=O)O[Ti](O[Ti]([O-])=O)(O[Ti]([O-])=O)O[Ti]([O-])=O
InChI	1S/4Li.12O.5Ti/q4+1;;;;;;;;;4-1;;;;;
InChI key	BNQVSKURWGZJMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	WGK 3

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918040-10ML

Manganese Oxide (MnO2) nanosheets 918040-10ML

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): MnO₂

CAS Number: 1313-13-9

Molecular Weight: 86.94

Application
Transition metal oxides (TMOs, eg, MnO2), have received a substantial amount of recent attention due to their distinct structure–property relationships in multiple fields, eg, optoelectronics, spintronics, catalysis, defect engineering, and energy-related applications. Birnessite manganese dioxide (-MnO2) nanosheets are highly regarded as an attractive electrode material for portable energy storage devices. As the layered structure of -MnO2 enables much thinner and flexible devices.
Параметры

Featured Industry Battery Manufacturing

Quality Level 100,

storage temp. 20°C

SMILES string O=[Mn]=O

Safety Information

WGK Germany nwg

Flash Point F Not applicable

Flash Point C Not applicable

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Methyl-trioctylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide 724432-1G

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	C₂₇H₅₄F₆N₂O₄S₂
CAS Number:	375395-33-8
Molecular Weight:	648.85
MDL number:	MFCD08275364
PubChem Substance ID:	329764086
NACRES:	NA.23

Capacitor technology, light-emitting devices, thin-film transistors, optical storage media
Ionic Liquids for Energy Storage Applications

1 g in glass bottle

Quality Level	100,
grade	for energy applications
assay	99.9% trace metals basis
refractive index	n20/D 1.439
density	1.095 g/mL at 25 °C
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing
SMILES string	FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC
InChI	1S/C25H54N.C2F6NO4S2/c1-5-8-11-14-17-20-23-26(4,24-21-18-15-12-9-6-2)25-22-19-16-13-10-7-3;3-1(4,5)14(10,11)9-15(12,13)2(6,7)8/h5-25H2,1-4H3;/q+1;-1
InChI key	LAGQNGWYNLUQRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Nickel oxide - Cerium samarium oxide 704210-10G

NACRES:

NA.23

NiO-SDC composite shows a high catalytic activity as an anode material, which makes it a potential candidate for the fabrication of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). It shows a maximum power density of ~490 mW cm-2 at 600°C and a polarization resistance of 0.1 cm2.

10 g in glass bottle

assay	99% trace metals basis
composition	(CeO₂-Sm₂O₃), 40 wt. % , NiO, 60 wt. %
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
mp	89-90 °C
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing

RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Nickel oxide - scandia-stabilized zirconia, NiO/ScSZ-10 756725-5G

NACRES:

NA.23

High-conductivity anode material for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)
Ni-ScSZ-10 composite has scandia-stabilized zirconia that shows high conductivity and good electrolytic performance. It can be used as an active anode material for the fabrication of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). It exhibits a maximum power density of ~0.85 W cm-2 at 1000°C.

Quality Level	100,
assay	99% trace metals basis (purity excludes ~1% HfO₂)
form	powder
contains	<1 mol % alumina as stabilizer
composition	NiO, 66 wt. % , ScSZ-10, 34 wt. %
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
particle size	0.2-0.7 µm
surface area	4-8 m²/g
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing

pictograms	GHS07,GHS08
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H317 - H350i - H372 - H413
pcodes	P201 - P260 - P280 - P308 + P313
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Nickel oxide - scandia-stabilized zirconia, NiO/ScSZ-6 756687-5G

EC Number:	215-215-7
NACRES:	NA.23

Ni-ScSZ composite has scandia-stabilized zirconia that shows high conductivity and good electrolytic performance. It can be used as an active anode material for the fabrication of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). It exhibits a maximum power density of ~0.85 W cm-2 at 1000°C.
High-conductivity anode material for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)

Quality Level	100,
assay	99% trace metals basis (purity excludes ~1% HfO₂)
form	powder
contains	<1 mol % alumina as stabilizer
composition	NiO, 66 wt. % , ScSZ-6, 34 wt. %
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
diameter	0.2-0.7 µm
surface area	4-8 m²/g
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing

pictograms	GHS07,GHS08
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H317 - H350i - H372 - H413
pcodes	P201 - P260 - P280 - P308 + P313
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Nickel oxide - Yttria-stabilized zirconia 704202-10G

Linear Formula:

66 wt. % NiO · 34 wt. % (Y₂O₃ZrO₂)

composition	NiO, 66 wt. % , (Y₂O₃-ZrO₂), 34 wt. %
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
surface area	spec. surface area 4-8 m²/g (BET)
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing

Nickel(II) oxide can be used for a variety of sustainable applications such as:

pictograms	GHS07, GHS08
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H315-H317-H319-H335-H350i-H372-H413
pcodes	P201-P261-P280-P305 + P351 + P338-P308 + P313
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US),, Eyeshields,, Faceshields,, Gloves,, type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges,
RIDADR	UN 3288 6.1 / PGIII
WGK Germany	3

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Nickel(II) oxide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	NiO
Linear Formula:	NiO
CAS Number:	1313-99-1
Molecular Weight:	74.69
EC Number:	215-215-7
MDL number:	MFCD00011145
eCl@ss:	38190702
PubChem Substance ID:	24852073
NACRES:	NA.23

non-enzymatic glucose sensor
hydrogen production
dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs)

20, 100 g in poly bottle

Quality Level	100
assay	99.99% trace metals basis
form	powder and chunks
composition	NiO
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry.
color	green
density	6.67 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing
SMILES string	[Ni]=O
InChI	1S/Ni.O
InChI key	GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

These additives have low water content (less than 100 ppm), please handle under inert and moisture free enviornment (glove box). Keep containers tightly closed. Keep away from heat and ignition sources. Store in a cool and dry place. Avoid storing together with oxidizers.

pictograms	GHS07,GHS08
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H317 - H350i - H372 - H413
pcodes	P202 - P260 - P273 - P280 - P302 + P352 - P308 + P313
Target Organs	Lungs
Personal Protective Equipment	Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type P1 (EN143) respirator filter, type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	WGK 1
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Phenylcyclohexane

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	C₁₂H₁₆
Linear Formula:	C₆H₅C₆H₁₁
CAS Number:	827-52-1
Molecular Weight:	160.26
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:	1906803
EC Number:	212-572-0
MDL number:	MFCD00001451
PubChem Substance ID:	329769206
NACRES:	NA.23

The presence of electrolyte additives enhances the performance of lithium ion batteries by improving their thermal stability and ionic conductivity. Additives also reduce the flammability of electrolytes and provide overcharge protection. Phenylcyclohexane finds application as an additive in lithium ion batteries.

Quality Level	100,
assay	99%
form	liquid
refractive index	n20/D 1.526 (lit.)
bp	239-240 °C (lit.)
mp	4-7 °C (lit.)
density	0.95 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing
SMILES string	C1CCC(CC1)c2ccccc2
InChI	1S/C12H16/c1-3-7-11(8-4-1)12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h1,3-4,7-8,12H,2,5-6,9-10H2
InChI key	IGARGHRYKHJQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

We are committed to bringing you Greener Alternative Products, which adhere to one or more of The 12 Principles of Greener Chemistry. This product has been enhanced for energy efficiency. Find details here.
In aqueous solutions, phosphoric acid behaves as a triprotic acid. The triprotic acid has three ionizable hydrogen atoms, which are lost sequentially.

pictograms	GHS07,GHS09
signalword	Warning
hcodes	H302 - H315 - H319 - H410
pcodes	P301 + P312 + P330 - P305 + P351 + P338
RIDADR	UN3082 - class 9 - PG 3 - DOT NA1993 - Environmentally hazardous substances, liquid, n.o.s. HI: all (not BR)
WGK Germany	WGK 2
Flash Point F	177.8 °F - closed cup
Flash Point C	81 °C - closed cup

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Phosphoric acid

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	H₃O₄P
Linear Formula:	H₃PO₄
CAS Number:	7664-38-2
Molecular Weight:	98.00
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:	1921286
MDL number:	MFCD00011340
PubChem Substance ID:	24861303
NACRES:	NA.23

Phosphoric acid (85 wt. % in H2O) can be used for a variety of applications, such as:

a medium for corrosion inhibition on mild steel
an activating agent in the preparation of activated carbon
enhancement of electrochemical performance for energy devices
in the development of polymeric membranes for proton exchange membrane based fuel cells

Industrially, phosphoric acid may be used in fertilizers, detergents, pharmaceuticals, water softeners.
Phosphoric acid has been used as an acid solution for pH adjustment of the fermentation broth in a protocol for the acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation of sugars in a bioreactor.

100, 500 mL in glass bottle
Packaged in clear glass bottles

Concentrated phosphoric acid is approx. 85% H3PO4 (aqueous).

Quality Level	200
vapor density	3.4 (vs air)
vapor pressure	2.2 mmHg ( 20 °C), 5 mmHg ( 25 °C)
assay	99.99% trace metals basis
form	liquid
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry.
concentration	85 wt. % in H₂O
bp	158 °C (lit.)
mp	~40 °C (lit.)
density	1.685 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing
SMILES string	OP(O)(O)=O
InChI	1S/H3O4P/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H3,1,2,3,4)
InChI key	NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Gene Information	human ... SRC(6714)

Used with ram- and screw-injection machines. For automotive, housewares, general molding products and multi- and monofiliment fiber.

pictograms	GHS05,GHS07
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H290 - H302 - H314
pcodes	P234 - P270 - P280 - P301 + P312 - P303 + P361 + P353 - P305 + P351 + P338
Personal Protective Equipment	Faceshields, Gloves, Goggles, type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
RIDADR	UN 1805 8 / PGIII
WGK Germany	WGK 1
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Polypropylene

Linear Formula:	[CH₂CH(CH₃)]_n
CAS Number:	9003-07-0
MDL number:	MFCD00084447
PubChem Substance ID:	24866786
NACRES:	NA.23

High stiffness and resistance to solvents and chemicals. Resistant to environmental stress cracking. More prone to oxidation than polyethylene.

1 kg in poly bottle

Features and Benefits

Quality Level	100
melt index	12 g/10 min (230°C/2.16kg)
mol wt	average M_n ~67,000, average M_w ~250,000
hardness	100 (Rockwell R, ASTM D 785-A)
transition temp	T_m 160-165 °C
density	0.9 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing
SMILES string	CC=C

Alkyl carbonates find applications as solvents for lithium ion battery electrolytes and the use of high quality battery grade electrolytes having extremely low water (<10 ppm) and acid (<10 ppm) contents are critical for achieving high electrochemical performance.

Personal Protective Equipment	Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Propylene carbonate

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	C₄H₆O₃
CAS Number:	108-32-7
Molecular Weight:	102.09
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:	107913
EC Number:	203-572-1
MDL number:	MFCD00005385
PubChem Substance ID:	329769202
NACRES:	NA.23

These additives have low water content (less than 100 ppm). Please handle under inert and moisture free enviornment (glove box). Keep containers tightly closed. Keep away from heat and ignition sources. Store in a cool and dry place. Avoid storing together with oxidizers.

Preparation Note

vapor pressure	0.13 mmHg ( 20 °C), 0.98 mmHg ( 50 °C)
Quality Level	100,
assay	99%
form	liquid
autoignition temp.	851 °F
expl. lim.	14.3 %
refractive index	n20/D 1.421 (lit.)
pH	7 (20 °C, 200 g/L)
bp	240 °C (lit.)
mp	55 °C (lit.)
density	1.204 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing
SMILES string	CC1COC(=O)O1
InChI	1S/C4H6O3/c1-3-2-6-4(5)7-3/h3H,2H2,1H3
InChI key	RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

The presence of electrolyte additives enhances the performance of lithium ion batteries by improving their thermal stability and ionic conductivity. Additives also reduce the flammability of electrolytes and provide overcharge protection. t-Amyl benzene finds application as additive in lithium ion batteries and its addition in grade would be good expansion of our LIB portfolio.

pictograms	GHS07
signalword	Warning
hcodes	H319
pcodes	P305 + P351 + P338
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	WGK 1
Flash Point F	275.0 °F - closed cup
Flash Point C	135 °C - closed cup

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tert-Amylbenzene

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	C₁₁H₁₆
CAS Number:	2049-95-8
Molecular Weight:	148.24
MDL number:	MFCD00015187
PubChem Substance ID:	329769759

Quality Level	100,
assay	99%
form	liquid
composition	acid, <200 ppm , H₂O, <100 ppm
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing
SMILES string	CCC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1
InChI	1S/C11H16/c1-4-11(2,3)10-8-6-5-7-9-10/h5-9H,4H2,1-3H3
InChI key	QHTJSSMHBLGUHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Handling and Storage:
These additives have low water content (less than 100 ppm). Please handle under inert and moisture free environment (glove box). Keep containers tightly closed. Keep away from heat and ignition sources. Store in a cool and dry place. Avoid storing together with oxidizers.

pictograms	GHS02,GHS07,GHS09
signalword	Warning
hcodes	H226 - H317 - H411
pcodes	P210 - P273 - P280 - P302 + P352
RIDADR	UN1993 - class 3 - PG 3 - EHS - Flammable liquids, n.o.s., HI: all
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	136.4 °F
Flash Point C	58 °C

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900857-25G

Tributylmethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide 900857-25G

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C₁₅H₃₀F₆N₂O₄S₂

CAS Number: 405514-94-5

Molecular Weight: 480.53

MDL number: MFCD12761447

NACRES: NA.23

General description
Tributylmethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide is a class of electrolytic materials that can be used in the fabrication of lithium-ion batteries. Lithium-ion batteries consist of anode, cathode, and electrolyte with a charge-discharge cycle. These materials enable the formation of greener and sustainable batteries for electrical energy storage.
Application
Ionic liquids (ILs) are molten salts with melting points lower than 100 °C. They usually consist of pair of organic cation and anion. ILs exhibit unique properties such as non-volatility, high thermal stability, and high ionic conductivity and find applications as electrolytes in lithium/sodium ion batteries and dye-sensitized solar cells. They are also used as media for synthesis of conducting polymers and intercalation electrode materials.
Параметры

Quality Level 100,

assay 99%

composition H₂O, <500 ppm

Featured Industry Battery Manufacturing

Safety Information

RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport

WGK Germany WGK 3

Flash Point F 230.0 °F

Flash Point C 110 °C

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Vinylene carbonate

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	C₃H₂O₃
CAS Number:	872-36-6
Molecular Weight:	86.05
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:	105683
EC Number:	212-825-5
MDL number:	MFCD00005380
PubChem Substance ID:	329769203
NACRES:	NA.23

Quality Level	100,
description	Moisture: <10 ppm Acid content: <10 ppm
assay	99.5%
form	liquid
refractive index	n20/D 1.421 (lit.)
bp	162 °C (lit.)
mp	19-22 °C (lit.)
density	1.355 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing
SMILES string	O=C1OC=CO1
InChI	1S/C3H2O3/c4-3-5-1-2-6-3/h1-2H
InChI key	VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

pictograms	GHS05,GHS06,GHS08,GHS09
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H302 - H311 - H315 - H317 - H318 - H373 - H411
pcodes	P273 - P280 - P301 + P312 + P330 - P302 + P352 + P312 - P305 + P351 + P338 + P310 - P314
RIDADR	UN2810 - class 6.1 - PG 3 - EHS - Toxic, liquids, organic, n.o.s., HI: all
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	176.0 °F - closed cup
Flash Point C	80 °C - closed cup

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Vinylene carbonate 757144-25G

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	C₃H₂O₃
CAS Number:	872-36-6
Molecular Weight:	86.05
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:	105683
EC Number:	212-825-5
MDL number:	MFCD00005380
PubChem Substance ID:	329766650
NACRES:	NA.23

Vinylene carbonate (VC) can be used as an electrolytic additive for ionic liquid electrolyte for the formation of lithium-ion batteries. It can also be used in the formation of hybrid solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) for the fabrication of lithium-based batteries.

Quality Level	100,
assay	99%
form	liquid
contains	80 ppm BHT as stabilizer
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
refractive index	n20/D 1.421 (lit.), n20/D 1.422
bp	162 °C (lit.)
mp	19-22 °C (lit.)
density	1.355 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.), 1.355 g/mL at 25 °C
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing
storage temp.	2-8°C
SMILES string	O=C1OC=CO1
InChI	1S/C3H2O3/c4-3-5-1-2-6-3/h1-2H
InChI key	VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

pictograms	GHS05,GHS06,GHS08,GHS09
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H302 - H311 - H315 - H317 - H318 - H373 - H411
pcodes	P273 - P280 - P301 + P312 + P330 - P302 + P352 + P312 - P305 + P351 + P338 + P310 - P314
RIDADR	UN2810 - class 6.1 - PG 3 - EHS - Toxic, liquids, organic, n.o.s., HI: all
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	181.9 °F - closed cup
Flash Point C	83.3 °C - closed cup

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Zirconium(IV) oxide-scandia stabilized 756679-5G

Linear Formula:	(ZrO₂)_0.90(Sc₂O₃)_0.10
NACRES:	NA.23

Zirconium(IV) oxide-scandia stabilized (Sc10SZ) (scandia 10 mol%) can be used for a variety of sustainable applications such as:

preparation of the scandium doped BaZrO3 based perovskites
an electrolyte for the doping of bismuth oxide for application in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs)

form	powder
Quality Level	100,
contains	<1 mol % Al₂O₃ as stabilizer (to prevent phase change at elevated temperatures.)
composition	scandia, 10 mol %
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impurities	<2.5% HfO₂
particle size	0.5-0.7 µm
surface area	8-12 m²/g
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing

RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Zirconium(IV) oxide-scandia stabilized 756660-5G

Linear Formula:	(ZrO₂)_0.94(Sc₂O₃)_0.06
CAS Number:	151575-30-3
NACRES:	NA.23

Zirconium(IV) oxide-scandia stabilized (Sc10SZ) (6 mol% scandia) can be used for a variety of sustainable applications such as:

preparation of the of scandium doped BaZrO3 based perovskites(28)(29)
an electrolyte for the doping of bismuth oxide for application in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs)(30)

assay	99% trace metals basis (purity excludes ~2% HfO₂)
Quality Level	100,
form	powder
contains	<1 mol % Al₂O₃ as stabilizer, 6 mol % scandia as stabilizer, <2.5 mol % HfO₂
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particle size	<0.6 µm
surface area	8-10 m²/g
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RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Zirconium(IV) oxide-yttria stabilized 572349-25G

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	O₅Y₂Zr
Linear Formula:	ZrO_{2 ·}Y₂O₃
CAS Number:	114168-16-0
Molecular Weight:	349.03
MDL number:	MFCD00145546
PubChem Substance ID:	329758284
NACRES:	NA.23

Zirconium(IV) oxide-yttria stabilized (YSZ) (nanopowder) is an oxygen ion conductor with properties such as good ionic conductivity and high physiochemical stability. Its other properties include excellent shock resistance, low thermal conductivity and a high coefficient of thermal expansion.
Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is the most commonly used solid electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and oxygen sensors. YSZ exhibits high oxygen-ionic conductivity while blocking electronic conduction. YSZ particles may be synthesized from yttrium nitrate or isopropoxide by sol gel method. YSZ nanoparticles may be prepared in supercritical water (SCW). YSZ nanoparticles of different sizes with varying % mol of yttria may be obtained by CO2 laser based continuous/pulsed laser vaporization method.

Collagen-yttria-stabilized amorphous zirconia hybrid scaffolds may be developed. YSZ thin films may be used as thermal barrier coatings on combustors, stationary and rotating components of gas turbines or diesel engines. 6
YSZ can be used for a variety of applications such as:

a thermal barrier coating for the protection and insulation of metal components in gas turbines
an electrolyte in the fabrication of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs)
in the fabrication of zirconia dental implant abutments
membranes for micro energy conversion devices
a solid acid and a catalyst for catalytic applications

Electrolyte material for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC).

Alternative CAS number: 114168-16-0

assay	92% ZrO₂ basis
Quality Level	100,
form	nanopowder
contains	8 mol % yttria as stabilizer
composition	(ZrO₂)_0.92(Y₂O₃)_0.08
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
particle size	100 nm, 5-10 nm (crystallite size)
surface area	>100 m²/g
mp	>2,600 °C (lit.)
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing
SMILES string	O=[Zr]=O.O=[Y]O[Y]=O
InChI	1S/5O.2Y.Zr
InChI key	KSTOPEBVPBSOTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

pictograms	GHS07
signalword	Warning
hcodes	H315 - H319 - H335
pcodes	P305 + P351 + P338
Target Organs	Respiratory system
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US),, Eyeshields,, Gloves,
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Zirconium(IV) oxide-yttria stabilized 572322-25G

Linear Formula:	(ZrO₂)_0.97(Y₂O₃)_0.03
CAS Number:	113482-02-3
PubChem Substance ID:	24874798
NACRES:	NA.23

Zirconium(IV) oxide-yttria stabilized (YSZ) (nanopowder) is an oxygen ion conductor with properties such as good ionic conductivity and high physiochemical stability. Its other properties include excellent shock resistance, low thermal conductivity and a high coefficient of thermal expansion.
Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is the most commonly used as solid electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and in oxygen sensors. YSZ exhibits high oxygen-ionic conductivity while blocking electronic conduction. YSZ particles may be synthesized from yttrium nitrate or isopropoxide by sol gel method. YSZ nanoparticles may be prepared in supercritical water (SCW). YSZ nanoparticles of different sizes with varying % mol of yttria may be obtained by CO2 laser based continuous/pulsed laser vaporization method.

a thermal barrier coating for the protection and insulation of metal components in gas turbines
an electrolyte in the fabrication of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs)
in the fabrication of zirconia dental implant abutments
membranes for micro energy conversion devices
a solid acid and a catalyst for catalytic applications

form	nanopowder
Quality Level	100,
contains	3 mol % yttria as stabilizer
composition	(ZrO₂)_0.97(Y₂O₃)_0.03
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
particle size	100 nm
surface area	10-25 m²/g
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):

pictograms	GHS07
signalword	Warning
hcodes	H315 - H319 - H335
pcodes	P305 + P351 + P338
Target Organs	Respiratory system
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US),, Eyeshields,, Gloves,
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Zirconium(IV) oxide-yttria stabilized 768383-5G

(ZrO₂)_0.60(Y₂O₃)_0.40

Yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is the most commonly used solid electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and oxygen sensors. YSZ exhibits high oxygen-ionic conductivity while blocking electronic conduction. YSZ particles may be synthesized from yttrium nitrate or isopropoxide by sol gel method. YSZ nanoparticles may be prepared in supercritical water (SCW). YSZ nanoparticles of different sizes with varying % mol of yttria may be obtained by CO2 laser based continuous/pulsed laser vaporization method.
Zirconium(IV) oxide-yttria stabilized (YSZ40) (nanopowder, 99.99% trace metals basis, contains 40 mol % yttria as stabilizer) is an oxygen ion conductor with properties such as good ionic conductivity and high physiochemical stability. Its other properties include excellent shock resistance, low thermal conductivity and a high coefficient of thermal expansion.

a thermal barrier coating for the protection and insulation of metal components in gas turbines
an electrolyte in the fabrication of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs)
in the fabrication of zirconia dental implant abutments
membranes for micro energy conversion devices
a solid acid and a catalyst for catalytic applications

assay	99.99% trace metals basis
form	nanopowder
contains	40 mol % yttria as stabilizer
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing

pictograms	GHS07
signalword	Warning
hcodes	H315-H319
pcodes	P305 + P351 + P338
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	3

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Zirconium(IV) oxide-yttria stabilized 768359-5G

Linear Formula:

(ZrO₂)_0.80(Y₂O₃)_0.20

Zirconium(IV) oxide-yttria stabilized (YSZ20) (nanopowder, contains 20 mol % yttria as stabilizer) is an oxygen ion conductor with properties such as good ionic conductivity and high physiochemical stability. Its other properties include excellent shock resistance, low thermal conductivity and a high coefficient of thermal expansion.

YSZ can be used for a variety of applications such as:

a thermal barrier coating for the protection and insulation of metal components in gas turbines
an electrolyte in the fabrication of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs)
in the fabrication of zirconia dental implant abutments
membranes for micro energy conversion devices
a solid acid and a catalyst for catalytic applications

assay	99.99% trace metals basis
form	nanopowder
contains	20 mol % yttria as stabilizer
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing

pictograms	GHS07
signalword	Warning
hcodes	H315-H319
pcodes	P305 + P351 + P338
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	3

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Aluminum sulfide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	Al₂S₃
CAS Number:	1302-81-4
Molecular Weight:	150.16
EC Number:	215-109-0
MDL number:	MFCD00014162
PubChem Substance ID:	24860110
NACRES:	NA.23

Quality Level	100
assay	98%
form	granular
particle size	<10 mm
density	2.02 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string	S=[Al]S[Al]=S
InChI	1S/2Al.3S
InChI key	ZPXDOGRYMSWBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Antimony(III) selenide (Sb2Se3) is a ribboned non-toxic and low-cost material with a band gap of ~1.1 eV. Its properties include switching effects, good photovoltaic and thermoelectric properties. It can be prepared in the form of thin films by a number of methods such as vacuum evaporation, solution growth, spray pyrolysis and direct fusion of antimony and selenium.
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pictograms	GHS07
signalword	Warning
hcodes	H315 - H319 - H335
pcodes	P302 + P352 - P305 + P351 + P338
Target Organs	Respiratory system
RIDADR	UN 3335
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Antimony(III) selenide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	Sb₂Se₃
Linear Formula:	Sb₂Se₃
CAS Number:	1315-05-5
Molecular Weight:	480.40
EC Number:	215-256-0
MDL number:	MFCD00016319
PubChem Substance ID:	24864992
NACRES:	NA.23

Sb2Se3 is a semiconducting material that can be used in a variety of applications such as lithium ion batteries, photovoltaic cells, solar cells, high performance field effect emitters, and photodetectors.(6)

5 g in glass bottle
Packaged in glass bottles

Quality Level	100,
assay	99.99% trace metals basis
form	solid
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
greener alternative category	Enabling,
SMILES string	[Se]=[Sb][Se][Sb]=[Se]
InChI	1S/2Sb.3Se
InChI key	GNZJTRGEKSBAAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

pictograms	GHS06,GHS08,GHS09
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H301 + H331 - H373 - H410
pcodes	P273 - P301 + P310 + P330 - P304 + P340 + P311 - P314
Personal Protective Equipment	Eyeshields,, Faceshields,, Gloves,, type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges,
RIDADR	UN 1549 6.1 / PGIII
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Antimony(III) sulfide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	S₃Sb₂
Linear Formula:	Sb₂S₃
CAS Number:	1345-04-6
Molecular Weight:	339.72
EC Number:	215-713-4
MDL number:	MFCD00011217
eCl@ss:	38080208
PubChem Substance ID:	24854685
NACRES:	NA.23

form	powder
Quality Level	100
mp	550 °C (lit.)
density	4.64 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string	S=[Sb]S[Sb]=S
InChI	1S/3S.2Sb
InChI key	IHBMMJGTJFPEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

pictograms	GHS08
signalword	Warning
hcodes	H351 - H373 - H412
pcodes	P202 - P260 - P273 - P280 - P308 + P313 - P405
Target Organs	Lungs
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves
RIDADR	UN 1549 6.1 / PGIII
WGK Germany	WGK 2
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Antimony(III) telluride 733490-1G

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	Sb₂Te₃
Linear Formula:	Sb₂Te₃
CAS Number:	1327-50-0
Molecular Weight:	626.32
MDL number:	MFCD00016320
PubChem Substance ID:	329764822
NACRES:	NA.23

Antimony(III) telluride (Sb2Te3) is a three dimensional topological insulator that can be used as a binary sesquichalogenide. It forms p-type semiconducting films for the formation of thermoelectric materials.
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Sb2Te3 in combination with bismuth(III) telluride (Bi2Te3) can form super-lattices, which facilitate the fabrication of devices such as thermoelectric generators.

1 g in glass bottle

Quality Level	100,
assay	99.96% trace metals basis
form	powder
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
particle size	325 mesh
mp	629 °C
density	6.5 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
greener alternative category	Enabling,
SMILES string	[Te]=[Sb][Te][Sb]=[Te]
InChI	1S/2Sb.3Te
InChI key	BPDQXJZWVBPDSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Barium sulfide (BaS) is an inorganic compound that is used as a precursor in the production of barium compounds. These compounds can be used in a variety of applications, such as ceramics, luminous paints, additives, and flame retardants.

pictograms	GHS07,GHS09
signalword	Warning
hcodes	H302 + H332 - H410
pcodes	P273 - P301 + P312 + P330 - P304 + P340 + P312
RIDADR	UN1549 - class 6.1 - PG 3 - EHS- Antimony compounds, inorganic, solid, n.o.s., HI: all (not BR)
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Barium sulfide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	BaS
Linear Formula:	BaS
CAS Number:	21109-95-5
Molecular Weight:	169.39
EC Number:	244-214-4
MDL number:	MFCD00014192
PubChem Substance ID:	24874335
NACRES:	NA.23

10 g in glass bottle

Quality Level	100
assay	99.9%
reaction suitability	reagent type: catalyst core: barium
density	4.25 g/mL at 15 °C (lit.)
SMILES string	S=[Ba]
InChI	1S/Ba.S
InChI key	OTMNKCRTGBGNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

pictograms	GHS05,GHS06,GHS09
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H290 - H301 - H314 - H332 - H400
pcodes	P260 - P273 - P280 - P303 + P361 + P353 - P304 + P340 + P310 - P305 + P351 + P338
Supp Hazards	EUH031
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves
RIDADR	UN 2813 4.3 / PGII
WGK Germany	WGK 2
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Bismuth selenide 733504-5G

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	Bi₂Se₃
CAS Number:	12068-69-8
Molecular Weight:	654.84
EC Number:	235-104-7
MDL number:	MFCD00014200
PubChem Substance ID:	329764823
NACRES:	NA.23

Bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3), a thermoelectric material that acts as a topological insulator, exhibits helical spin polarization and strong spin-orbit coupling.
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Bismuth selenide is a semiconductor thermoelectric material.

Bi2Se3 can be used in the formation of nanocomposites for antitumor thermo-chemotherapy and imaging. It can also be used in the fabrication of electronic devices such as field effect transistors (FETs) and photodetectors.

Quality Level	100,
assay	99.995% trace metals basis
form	granular (melted)
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
mp	710 °C (lit.)
greener alternative category	Enabling,
SMILES string	[Se]=[Bi][Se][Bi]=[Se]
InChI	1S/2Bi.3Se
InChI key	OMEPJWROJCQMMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Bismuth(III) selenide (Bi2Se3) is a semiconducting thermoelectric material with a narrow band gap. It forms thin films by different techniques, which include solution growth, electrodeposition and molecular jet method. It acts as a topological insulator based saturable absorber.
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pictograms	GHS06,GHS08,GHS09
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H301 + H331 - H373 - H410
pcodes	P273 - P301 + P310 + P330 - P304 + P340 + P311 - P314
RIDADR	UN3283 - class 6.1 - PG 3 - MP - Selenium compound, solid, n.o.s., HI: all (not BR)
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Bismuth(III) selenide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	Bi₂Se₃
CAS Number:	12068-69-8
Molecular Weight:	654.84
EC Number:	235-104-7
MDL number:	MFCD00014200
PubChem Substance ID:	24864986
NACRES:	NA.23

Bi2Se3 is a metal selenide, which can be used for a variety of applications such as solar cells, light emitting diodes (LEDs), and superionic conductor. Its optical properties include a high absorption coefficient larger than 104 cm-1 and a band gap of 0.35 eV.

Quality Level	100,
form	solid
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
density	6.82 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
greener alternative category	Enabling,
SMILES string	[Se]=[Bi][Se][Bi]=[Se]
InChI	1S/2Bi.3Se
InChI key	OMEPJWROJCQMMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Bismuth(III) sulphide can be precipitated by hydrogen sulphide from bismuth solutions. 1

pictograms	GHS06,GHS08,GHS09
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H301 + H331 - H373 - H410
pcodes	P273 - P301 + P310 + P330 - P304 + P340 + P311 - P314
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US),, Eyeshields,, Faceshields,, Gloves,, type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges,
RIDADR	UN3283 - class 6.1 - PG 3 - MP - Selenium compound, solid, n.o.s., HI: all (not BR)
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Bismuth(III) sulfide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	Bi₂S₃
CAS Number:	1345-07-9
Molecular Weight:	514.16
EC Number:	215-716-0
MDL number:	MFCD00014204
PubChem Substance ID:	24860111
NACRES:	NA.23

Quality Level	100,
assay	99%
density	7.7 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string	S=[Bi]S[Bi]=S
InChI	1S/2Bi.3S
InChI key	ZABYETDLLXARHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

pictograms	GHS07
signalword	Warning
hcodes	H315 - H319 - H335
pcodes	P261 - P264 - P271 - P280 - P302 + P352 - P305 + P351 + P338
Target Organs	Respiratory system
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US),, Eyeshields,, Gloves,
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	WGK 2
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Bismuth(III) telluride 733482-5G

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	Bi₂Te₃
Linear Formula:	Bi₂Te₃
CAS Number:	1304-82-1
Molecular Weight:	800.76
EC Number:	215-135-2
MDL number:	MFCD00014201
PubChem Substance ID:	329764821
NACRES:	NA.23

We are committed to bringing you Greener Alternative Products, which adhere to one or more of The 12 Principles of Greener Chemistry. This product has been enhanced for energy efficiency. Find details here.
Bismuth(III) telluride (Bi2Te3) is a thermoelectric material, which acts as a topological insulator: a quantum material with an insulating bulky gap and gapless edge. It forms thin films by different techniques, which include chemical method, electrodeposition and molecular jet method.
The binary chalcogenide, bismuth(III) telluride occurs as mineral tellurobismuthite in nature. 1-2

Bi2Te3 can be used for a saturable absorber in a variety of photo-optic applications, which include pulse fiber lasers.

Quality Level	100
assay	99.99% trace metals basis
form	powder
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry.
particle size	325 mesh
mp	573 °C, 585 °C (lit.)
density	7.642 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string	[Te]=[Bi][Te][Bi]=[Te]
InChI	1S/2Bi.3Te
InChI key	GUYIRKJSQUOSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CdSe crystal can exist in solid hexagonal or cubic structure. CdSe behaves as an n-type semiconductor, with a bandgap of 1.74 eV (300K).1

pictograms	GHS07
signalword	Warning
hcodes	H302 + H312 + H332 - H315 - H319 - H335
pcodes	P280 - P301 + P312 + P330 - P302 + P352 + P312 - P304 + P340 + P312 - P305 + P351 + P338
Target Organs	Respiratory system
RIDADR	UN3284 - class 6.1 - PG 3 - MP - Tellurium compound, n.o.s., HI: all (not BR)
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Cadmium selenide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	CdSe
CAS Number:	1306-24-7
Molecular Weight:	191.37
EC Number:	215-148-3
MDL number:	MFCD00010917
PubChem Substance ID:	24854687
NACRES:	NA.23

Dispersions with CdS (Aldrich products 208183, 217921) deposited on glass or Si substrates results in tunable red, yellow, or green fluorescent material.

10, 50 g in glass bottle
Packaged in glass bottles

grade	electronic grade
Quality Level	100,
assay	99.99% trace metals basis
form	powder
density	5.81 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string	[Se]=[Cd]
InChI	1S/Cd.Se
InChI key	AQCDIIAORKRFCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Natural occurrence: hawleyite (structural type of sphalerite) and greenockite (structural type of wurtzite)

pictograms	GHS06,GHS08,GHS09
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H301 + H331 - H312 - H373 - H410
pcodes	P273 - P280 - P301 + P310 - P302 + P352 + P312 - P304 + P340 + P311 - P314
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US),, Eyeshields,, Faceshields,, Gloves,, type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges,
RIDADR	UN2570 - class 6.1 - PG 3 - EHS - Cadmium compounds, HI: all (not BR)
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Cadmium sulfide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	CdS
Linear Formula:	CdS
CAS Number:	1306-23-6
Molecular Weight:	144.48
EC Number:	215-147-8
MDL number:	MFCD00010922
PubChem Substance ID:	24852497
NACRES:	NA.23

Applications: pigment in the chemical industry; photoresistors; optical-electronic pairs, photodiodes, solar batteries; phosphors. Single crystals of cadmium sulfide are used for the preparation of optical devices operating in the infrared regaion of spectrum. Cadmium sulfide is a direct band gap semiconductor with a band gap band from 2.42 to 2.57 eV.

100 g in poly bottle
Packaged in glass bottles

grade	for synthesis
form	powder
mol wt	M_w 144.5 g/mol(lit.)
reaction suitability	reagent type: catalyst core: cadmium
mp	1750 °C (at a pressure of 100 bar) (lit.)
solubility	H₂O: insoluble(lit.)
density	4.82 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string	S=[Cd]
InChI	1S/Cd.S
InChI key	CJOBVZJTOIVNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CdTe is a photonic material. Crystal structure of CdTe is zinc blende structure. 3CdTe is usually an obvious choice for photovoltaic applications because of its; low cost, direct band gap (1.44eV),3 high absorption coefficient, easily doped with p and n type dopants by several preparation techniques. 2

pictograms	GHS07,GHS08,GHS09
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H302 - H341 - H350 - H361fd - H372 - H410
pcodes	P201 - P202 - P260 - P273 - P301 + P312 - P308 + P313
RIDADR	UN 3077 9 / PGIII
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Cadmium telluride

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	CdTe
CAS Number:	1306-25-8
Molecular Weight:	240.01
EC Number:	215-149-9
MDL number:	MFCD00015998
PubChem Substance ID:	24855535
NACRES:	NA.23

Cadmium telluride may be used in photovoltaic solar cells as the window layer. CdTe was used in the preparation of an Au/Cu2Te/CdTe/CdS/TCO/glass heterostructure for solar cell.

10, 50 g in poly bottle
Packaged in poly bottles

grade	deposition grade
Quality Level	100,
assay	99.98% trace metals basis
form	powder
particle size	<250 µm
bp	1130 °C
mp	1092 °C
density	6.2 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string	[Cd]=[Te]
InChI	1S/Cd.Te
InChI key	RPPBZEBXAAZZJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Cadmium zinc telluride (Cd1-xZnxTe or CZT) can detect nuclear radiation hence, CZT with Zn concentrations between 0.1-0.2 may be used in the making of radiation detectors of X-ray and gamma-ray spectrometers.

pictograms	GHS07,GHS09
signalword	Warning
hcodes	H302 + H312 + H332 - H410
pcodes	P261 - P273 - P280 - P301 + P312 - P302 + P352 + P312 - P304 + P340 + P312
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US),, Eyeshields,, Gloves,
RIDADR	UN 2570 6.1 / PGIII
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Cadmium zinc telluride

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	Cd_0.9Zn_0.1Te
Molecular Weight:	235.31
PubChem Substance ID:	329763422
NACRES:	NA.23

A direct bandgap semiconductor, it is used in a variety of applications, including radiation detectors, photorefractive gratings, electro-optic modulators, solar cells, and terahertz generation and detection. The band gap varies from approximately 1.4 to 2.2 eV, depending on composition.

assay	99.9999% trace metals basis
mp	1100-1150 °C
SMILES string	[Zn]=[Te].[Cd]=[Te]
InChI	1S/Cd.2Te.Zn
InChI key	KHJSUZZLLOGDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Crystal structure of CaS is cubic. Electrical conductivity of calcium sufide in the temperature range of 650oC-1000oC was studied in great detail. It was concluded that CaS could be used as a potential electrolyte in a sulfur concentration cell.2

pictograms	GHS07,GHS09
signalword	Warning
hcodes	H302 + H312 + H332 - H410
pcodes	P261 - P273 - P280 - P301 + P312 - P302 + P352 + P312 - P304 + P340 + P312
RIDADR	UN2570 - class 6.1 - PG 3 - EHS - Cadmium compounds, HI: all (not BR)
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Calcium sulfide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	CaS
Linear Formula:	CaS
CAS Number:	20548-54-3
Molecular Weight:	72.14
EC Number:	243-873-5
MDL number:	MFCD00015990
PubChem Substance ID:	24865657
NACRES:	NA.23

Calcium sulfide may be used to remove heavy metals from wastewater.

10 g in glass bottle
Packaged in glass bottles

Quality Level	100
assay	99.9% trace metals basis
form	powder
reaction suitability	reagent type: catalyst core: calcium
particle size	325 mesh
SMILES string	S=[Ca]
InChI	1S/Ca.S
InChI key	JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Copper selenide is an ionic conductor. 1 In nature, it occurs as mineral berzelianite. 2 Copper selenide may be prepared galvanically by coupled copper metal oxidation and Se reduction in alkaline selenosulfate (Na2SeSO3).
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pictograms	GHS02,GHS07,GHS09
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H228 - H315 - H319 - H335 - H400
pcodes	P210 - P273 - P302 + P352 - P305 + P351 + P338
Target Organs	Respiratory system
Supp Hazards	EUH031
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves
RIDADR	UN 3179 6.1(4.1) / PGII
WGK Germany	WGK 2
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Copper(I) selenide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	Cu₂Se
Linear Formula:	Cu₂Se
CAS Number:	20405-64-5
Molecular Weight:	206.05
EC Number:	243-796-7
MDL number:	MFCD00049908
PubChem Substance ID:	24871772
NACRES:	NA.23

Copper(I) selenide (Cu2Se) is a semiconductor material, which exists in cubic, tetragonal or orthorhombic forms. It forms thin films, which can be used as solar cell materials, optical filters, thermoelectric converters, electro-optical devices, and microwave shield coatings.

5 g in poly bottle
Packaged in poly bottles

Quality Level	100,
assay	99.95% trace metals basis
form	powder and chunks
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
density	6.84 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
greener alternative category	Enabling,
SMILES string	[Cu][Se][Cu]
InChI	1S/2Cu.Se
InChI key	KTLOQXXVQYUCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Copper sulfide shows metal-like electrical conductivity, chemical-sensing capability and suitable characteristics for absorption of solar energy. Cu63 NMR, X ray photoelectron spectroscopy,2 copper sulfide CuS was studied in detail. Copper sulfide is a monovalent and oxidation state was determined to be 2.2

pictograms	GHS06,GHS08,GHS09
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H301 + H331 - H373 - H410
pcodes	P273 - P301 + P310 + P330 - P304 + P340 + P311 - P314
Personal Protective Equipment	Eyeshields,, Faceshields,, Gloves,, type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges,
RIDADR	UN 3283 6.1 / PGII
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Copper(I) sulfide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	Cu₂S
CAS Number:	22205-45-4
Molecular Weight:	159.16
EC Number:	244-842-9
MDL number:	MFCD00016062
PubChem Substance ID:	24861068
NACRES:	NA.23

250 g in poly bottle
1 kg in poly bottle
Packaged in poly bottles

may contain a slight excess of S

form	powder
Quality Level	100,
particle size	−325 mesh
density	5.6 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing
SMILES string	[Cu]S[Cu]
InChI	1S/2Cu.S
InChI key	JESPAFKOCOFQIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Ga2S3 possesses high energy density, electrochemical study of the compound was studied. Bacterial oxidation of Ga2S3 was investigated.

Personal Protective Equipment	Eyeshields,, Gloves,, type N95 (US),
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Copper(II) sulfide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): CuS

CAS Number: 1317-40-4

Molecular Weight: 95.61

EC Number: 215-271-2

MDL number: MFCD00016066

PubChem Substance ID: 24868549

NACRES: NA.23

Кат. номер

450820-10G

450820-50G-PW

450820-10G-PW

450820-50G

General description
Cu63 NMR, X ray photoelectron spectroscopy,2 copper sulfide CuS was studied in detail.
Packaging
10 g in ampule
Packaged in ampules
Параметры

Quality Level 100

assay 99.99% trace metals basis

form powder

mp 220 °C (dec.) (lit.)

density 4.6 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

SMILES string S=[Cu]

InChI 1S/Cu.S

InChI key BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Safety Information

Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)

RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport

WGK Germany WGK 3

Flash Point F Not applicable

Flash Point C Not applicable

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Gallium(III) sulfide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	Ga₂S₃
Linear Formula:	Ga₂S₃
CAS Number:	12024-22-5
Molecular Weight:	235.64
EC Number:	234-692-2
MDL number:	MFCD00016106
PubChem Substance ID:	24865532
NACRES:	NA.23

Gallium(III) sulfide (Ga2S3) may be used in lithium secondary batteries.

5 g in poly bottle
1 g packaged in glass bottles; 5 g packaged in poly bottles

Quality Level	100,
assay	99.99% trace metals basis
reaction suitability	reagent type: catalyst core: gallium
density	3.65 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string	S=[Ga]S[Ga]=S
InChI	1S/2Ga.3S
InChI key	RCKBMGHMPOIFND-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Indium selenide (In2Se3) exists in 4 crystal structures (,,,).The metallic -phase of indium selenide converts to intrinsic conduction -phase under change in temperature. In2Se3 can be prepared by stoichiometric combination of the elements at 1000 to 1100oC temperatures. Influence of phase transformations on its optical and electrical properties has been reported.

pictograms	GHS05
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H314
pcodes	P260 - P280 - P301 + P330 + P331 - P303 + P361 + P353 - P305 + P351 + P338 + P310
Personal Protective Equipment	Eyeshields,, Faceshields,, Gloves,, type P1 (EN143) respirator filter,, type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges,
RIDADR	UN 3260 8 / PGII
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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484539-5G

Germanium(II) sulfide 484539-5G

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): GeS

Linear Formula: GeS

CAS Number: 12025-32-0

Molecular Weight: 104.71

EC Number: 234-704-6

MDL number: MFCD00135539

PubChem Substance ID: 24871955

General description
Differential thermal analysis of germanium (II) sulfide was investigated. Melting point of GeS is 665oC. GeS nanoparticles may be prepared by gas phase laser photolysis, to be used in lithium ion batteries. GeS films may be generated by electrochemical deposition and used as an electrolyte. A study also reports the formation of GeS clusters by laser ablation.
Packaging
5 g in amber poly bottle
Packaged in amber poly bottles
Параметры

Quality Level 100,

assay 99.99% trace metals basis

reaction suitability reagent type: catalyst
core: germanium

mp 615 °C (lit.)

SMILES string S=[Ge]

InChI 1S/GeS/c1-2

InChI key VDNSGQQAZRMTCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Safety Information

Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields,, Gloves,, type N95 (US),

RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport

WGK Germany WGK 3

Flash Point F Not applicable

Flash Point C Not applicable

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Indium(III) selenide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	In₂Se₃
Linear Formula:	In₂Se₃
CAS Number:	12056-07-4
Molecular Weight:	466.52
EC Number:	235-016-9
MDL number:	MFCD00016147
PubChem Substance ID:	24865178
NACRES:	NA.23

5 g in glass bottle
Packaged in glass bottles

density	5.67 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Quality Level	100,
SMILES string	[Se]=[In][Se][In]=[Se]
InChI	1S/2In.3Se
InChI key	VSXOUQNLLPQTQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Indium sulfide is a mid band gap semiconductor.

pictograms	GHS06,GHS08,GHS09
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H301 + H331 - H373 - H410
pcodes	P273 - P301 + P310 + P330 - P304 + P340 + P311 - P314
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US),, Eyeshields,, Faceshields,, Gloves,, type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges,
RIDADR	UN3283 - class 6.1 - PG 3 - MP - Selenium compound, solid, n.o.s., HI: all (not BR)
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Indium(III) sulfide red

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	In₂S₃
CAS Number:	12030-24-9
Molecular Weight:	325.83
EC Number:	234-742-3
MDL number:	MFCD00011061
PubChem Substance ID:	24858664
NACRES:	NA.23

10 g in glass bottle
Packaged in glass bottles

Quality Level	100,
assay	99.99% trace metals basis
SMILES string	S=[In]S[In]=S
InChI	1S/2In.3S
InChI key	ZOMNDSJRWSNDFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N

pictograms	GHS07
signalword	Warning
hcodes	H302 + H312 + H332 - H315 - H319 - H335
pcodes	P280 - P301 + P312 + P330 - P302 + P352 + P312 - P304 + P340 + P312 - P305 + P351 + P338
Target Organs	Respiratory system
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US),, Eyeshields,, Gloves,
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Iron disulfide 778117-25G

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	FeS₂
CAS Number:	12068-85-8
Molecular Weight:	119.98
EC Number:	235-106-8
NACRES:	NA.23

Iron Disulfide has attracted significant interest as a material for photovoltaics(1) and lithium ion battery cathodes(2). Iron disulfide is also studied as a potential material for the sequestration of environmental contaminants(3).

Quality Level	100
assay	99.8% trace metals basis
form	powder
reaction suitability	reagent type: catalyst core: iron
particle size	325 mesh
mp	450 °C (lit.)
Featured Industry	Battery Manufacturing
InChI	1S/Fe.S2/c;1-2/q+2;-2
InChI key	NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Lead selenide has cubic rocksalt crystal structure which undergoes transition at high pressures to orthorhombic structure.2 PbSe is a semiconductor material that emits infrared radiation. Heat capacity of PbSe was evaluated by Kelley-Parks-Huffman method.
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RIDADR	UN 3077 9 / PGIII
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Lead(II) selenide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	PbSe
Linear Formula:	PbSe
CAS Number:	12069-00-0
Molecular Weight:	286.16
EC Number:	235-109-4
MDL number:	MFCD00016273
PubChem Substance ID:	24855368
NACRES:	NA.23

Lead selenide may be used to prepare PbSe/CdSe core/shell nanocrystal quantum dots (NQDs) applications such as infrared lasers and biological labels. Other applications may be as photodetectors.

25 g in poly bottle
Packaged in poly bottles

Quality Level	100,
assay	99.99%
greener alternative product characteristics	Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry,.
density	8.1 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
greener alternative category	Enabling,
SMILES string	[Se]=[PbH2]
InChI	1S/Pb.Se
InChI key	GGYFMLJDMAMTAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

PbS can be precipitated from a solution of lead (II) salt and hydrogen sulfide.

pictograms	GHS06,GHS08,GHS09
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H301 + H331 - H360D - H373 - H410
pcodes	P202 - P260 - P264 - P273 - P301 + P310 - P304 + P340 + P311
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US),, Eyeshields,, Gloves,
RIDADR	UN3283 - class 6.1 - PG 3 - MP - Selenium compound, solid, n.o.s., HI: all (not BR)
WGK Germany	WGK 3
Flash Point F	Not applicable
Flash Point C	Not applicable

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Lead(II) sulfide

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	PbS
CAS Number:	1314-87-0
Molecular Weight:	239.27
EC Number:	215-246-6
MDL number:	MFCD00016280
PubChem Substance ID:	24863151
NACRES:	NA.23

PbS may be used for telecommunications. 2

25, 100 g in poly bottle
Packaged in poly bottles

Quality Level	100
assay	99.9% trace metals basis
density	7.5 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string	S=[PbH2]
InChI	1S/Pb.S
InChI key	XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N