Maleic acid 913243-1KG

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):	C4H4O4
Linear Formula:	HO2CCH=CHCO2H
Molecular Weight:	116.07
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:	605762
MDL number:	MFCD00063177

Maleic acid is the cis-isomer of butenedioic acid, an unsaturated organic dibasic acid. Maleic acid shows reactions typical of both olefins and carboxylic acids. Commercially important reactions of the acid groups include esterification with glycols to polyesters and dehydration to the anhydride. The double bond is involved in conversions to fumaric acid, to sulfosuccinic acid, and to Malathion.
Maleic acid has been adopted as a high performance organic anode material for lithium ion batteries. In has been reported to have an ultrahigh reversible capacity of ca. 1500 mAhg–1 at 46.2 mAg–1 current density, and a relatively high capacity of 570.8 mAhg–1 at current density of 46.2 Ag–1. When cycled at high current density of 2.31 Ag–1, a capacity retention of 98.1% was obtained after 500 cycles.
Maleic acid has been used in constructing polymeric solid electrolytes for battery and fuel cell research. Maleic acid based polymer blend were reported to increase the ionic conductivity of PEO basd polymer solid electrolytes by suppressing crystallization.
Maleic acid has also been used to make superswelling acrylamide (AAm)/maleic acid (MA) hydrogels by free radical polymerization in aqueous solution of AAm with MA as comonomer with some multifunctional crosslinkers such as trimethylolpropane triacrylate and 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate. In this hydrogel system, the uptake of cationic dye increased with an increase of MA content in the AAm/MA hydrogels.

Quality Level	100,
description	Residue on Ignition: <= 0.1%
assay	99.5% (HPLC), 99.5% anhydrous basis (HPLC)
form	powder
color	white to off-white
mp	130-135 °C (lit.), 137-140 °C (lit)
density	1.59 g/mL at 20 °C (lit.), 1.59 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string	OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O
InChI	1S/C4H4O4/c5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h1-2H,(H,5,6)(H,7,8)/b2-1-
InChI key	VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N

pictograms	GHS05,GHS07
signalword	Danger
hcodes	H302 + H312 - H315 - H317 - H318 - H335
pcodes	P261 - P264 - P280 - P301 + P312 - P302 + P352 + P312 - P305 + P351 + P338
Target Organs	Respiratory system
WGK Germany	WGK 1