By Stephen Grossberg
ISBN-10: 0080866964
ISBN-13: 9780080866963
ISBN-10: 0444701176
ISBN-13: 9780444701176
Those books compile fresh neural versions of imaginative and prescient, speech and language reputation and keep in mind, cognitive self-organization, conditioning, reinforcement, motivation, cognizance, circadian rhythms, motor keep an eye on, and sure psychological issues. as well as unifying and predicting interdisciplinary info from psychology, psychophysiology, neurophysiology, neuropharmacology, and anatomy, the paintings indicates new real-time circuit designs for machine imaginative and prescient and speech units, self-organizing trend attractiveness machines, parallel processors, and adaptive robots.
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Extra resources for Adaptive Brain
Sample text
After classical conditioning with CS = visual presentation of food and UCS = smell of food, the animal salivates when it sees the food. This ability characterizes stage Ez. Now a second conditioning experiment is performed in which CS = ringing bell and UCS = visual presentation of food. Ultimately, L salivates when it hears the ringing bell. How does the visual presentation of food in the first experiment enable this event to become a UCS in the second experiment? The network in Figure 5 suggests an answer.
Secondary Reinforcers The network in Figure 5 begins to explain how secondary reinforcers operate. The UCS in a given learning experiment might have been only the CS in a previous learning experiment. How is this possible? For example, consider an animal L a t two successive stages, El and Ez, of its development. At stage E l , L salivates in response to the smell of food but not to visual presentation of food. After classical conditioning with CS = visual presentation of food and UCS = smell of food, the animal salivates when it sees the food.
The time scale of each conditioning experiment is short, on the order of minutes. I assume that new intercellular pathways cannot be wholly created or destroyed during the short time needed to go from any stage E, to the next stage E,+1. It follows that there exists a common anatomical representation for CS and UCS processing except possibly for U C S I . f),v$’) of processing. Thus every UCS,, i > 1, has the same representation. In other words, all CS and UCS inputs, except possibly UCS,, are delivered to F @ ) .
Adaptive Brain by Stephen Grossberg
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